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(No Model.)

J. H. BLESSING.

VALVE.

No. 272,634} Patented Feb. 20,1883.

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UNITED STATES JAMES H. BLEssnve, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 272,634, dated February20, 1883. Application filed November 11, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that 1, JAMES H. BLESSING, of the city and county of Albany,in the State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Valves, of which the following is a full and exactdescription.

My invention relates to improvements in puppet-valves and their seats;and the objects of my improvements are, first, to provide a valve-seatwhich, when it becomes impaired by use, can be readily removed from thevalvecasing without displacing said casing or in any other mannerdisturbing the pipe in which the device is placed; second, to afford atemporary or additional seat for the valve during any repairs to orrenewal of the removable valve-seat; third, to insure a perfect seatingof the valve when from any cause the valve becomes tilted or thrown outof its true central line; and, fourth, to lessen the liability of thevalves and seats of stop-valves becoming cut andleaky. These objects Iattain by means of the constructions illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, which form part ot this specification, and in which- Figure 1is a longitudinal section of a globe check-valve containing myimprovements; Fig. 2, a like view of a globe stop-valve containing saidimprovements; Fig. 3, a perspective view of the removable valve-seatdetached from the valve-casing; Fig. 4, a longitudinal section of amodified form of my removable valve-seats and the parts of the.valve-casing afi'ected thereby; Fig. 5, a vertical section of anothermodification of my removable valveseat that is especially designed forsteam stopvalves, and Fig. 6 a horizontal section at the line so .70 ofFig. 5.

One of the most palpable and best-known defects inherent to globe-valvesas commonly made is the liability of the valve-seat to become out andworn out of truth, so that the valve will not close upon it to form atight joint therewith, and as, in most instances, the valve-seat formsan integral part of the valvecasing, when repairs are required to bemade I to the valve-seat, the pipes to which the valve is connected haveto be taken apart to permit of the removal of the device for thatpurpose. LIn eft'ecting this, much valuable time is lost and expensivedelays to business frequently occur. By my improvements this defect isremedied.

As represented in the drawings, A is the valve-casing, made in theordinary globe form, and provided with the usual partition, 0!, thehorizontal portion of which ordinarily serves as a valve-seat for thedevice; B, the cap or bonnet of the casing A. As shown in Fig. 1, saidcap serves as a guide for the upper stem of the valve; but as shown inFig. 2, it forms a nut for the screw-stem for operating the valve. 0 isa removable valve-seat, preferably made, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and5, in a cylindrical form, with an annular flange, c, projecting inwardlyto form a seat for the valve. Said removable seat is provided on itsunder side with an annular groove, 0, adapted to fitover a correspondingtongue, a, formed on the horizontal portion of the partition a of thecasing. A packing, 0', 0t india-rubber or other elastic material, isfixed in the groove 0, for the purpose of forming a tightjoint with theannular tongue a. A series of openings, 0 are formed in the cylindricalbody of the valve-seat C, so as to communicate with the annular passagea? leading into the eductionopening (6 of the valve-casing. Thevalveseat 0 is held in position centrally in respect to. the casing A.at its upper end, by the opening through the top of the casing, and atits lower end by means of the annular tongue a; and, when preferred,said sent may be so litted that cap B will force it down into closecontact with the packing c and form a tight joint at that point.

As shown in Fig. 1, the valve Dis of the puppet variety. The face ofsaid valve is made in the form of a segment of true sphere, for thepurpose of insuring a perfectly-tight joint in a seat having a truecircular opening whenever said valve may become tilted or cock-billed. Astem, d, formed on the upper side of the valve 1), is guided in openingb, formed in the cap B, and the stem 61 on the lower side of said valveis guided in the steadiment a formed in the lower part of thevalvecasing. As shown in Fig. 2; the valve D, made in the segmental formabove described, is attached to a screw-stem, E, in such manner, as

shown in the drawings, that while securely connected to said screw-stemit will have sufficient play to freely adapt itself to the seat whenslightly tilted.

Whenever, from any cause, the bearing for the valve on the removableseat becomes defective, said seat can be readily removed from its placeby first removing the cap B and valve D and then lifting said seat fromthe casing. A new seat, 0, may then be substituted for it;

or, while the old seat is undergoing repairs,

the circular opening a in the horizontal portion of the partition a maybe temporarily used for a seat for the valve D.

By making the face ofthe valve D of a true spherical form I am enabledto secure a perfectly steam-tight fit in a seat having a true circularhole without having recourse to the usual grinding required on valveshaving a different form of face, and I find that when valves and seatsare made in the form above described the parts are perfectlyinterchangeable. In the modified form shown in Fig. 4 the removable seatconsists of an annular ring, 0, having on both its upper and lowersurfaces an annular tongue, 0 Each of said tongues is fitted to engagein an annular groove, a, formed in the horizontal portion of thepartition cot'thevalve-casing. Said annular groove is provided with aring, 0 of packing for the purpose of producing a steam-tightjoint withthe removable seat. A cylindrical shell, 0, which may be made eitherintegral with the cap B or of a separate piece having a bearing againstthe under side of said cap, bears upon the uppermost tongue 0" andsecures the removable seat in its place.

The cylindrical shell 0 is provided with openings 0 for the purposedescribed in respect to like openings in the removable seat shown inFigs. 1, 2, and 3. \Vhen made in the form last described the removableseat 0 is reversible, and may be used with either side uppermost, sothat when one seat becomes defective'a fresh one may be obtained bysimply turning over the piece 0.

In the modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the removable valve-seat O isprovided with radial passages c and 0 which arecut through the annularflange c, and lead into the annular groove 0, in such manner that whenthe said seat is in its lowest position said openings will be entirelybelow the upper face of the annular tongue c. Vhen so constructed thecylindrical portion of said removable seat should not extend up farenough to bear against the cap B when the said seat is in its normalposition; but it"should have sufficient freedom to admit of a slightup-anddown movement of said part, so that it may be lifted by asubtruding pressure until the openings 0 and 0 will range above the faceof the tongue at and allow steam to pass through said openings frombeneath the valve D and into the cduction-opening a before the saidvalve is raised clear from the valve-seat. This construction is designedto prevent the cutting away of the seats of stop-valves by the action ofthe steam-currents, which action I have discovered by experience tooccur when the valve is but slightly opened to permit a small volume ofsteam to pass through, whereby the velocity of the flow between thefaces of the valve and seat becomes so greatly increased as to produce arapid abrasiveaction on the metals.

By making the inner openings, 0 of greater area than the outer openings,0 as shown in Fig. 6, the steam will flow into the annular groove 0 withless velocity than it will have in passing out therefrom through theopenings 0 and by this means any abrasive action of the steam will beconfined to the outer edge of the tongue at, where its effect will beharmless. The operation of this lastdescribed modification is asfollows: The device being tixed in the steam-pipe so that the pressurewill act against the under side of the valve, and then when said valveis raised slightly to permit a small volume of steam to pass through thepipes, the pressure, acting against the under side of the removable seat0, (for which purpose a clear space is left between said seat and theupper face of the partition (a) will force said seat to rise and keep incontact with the face of the valve. By this means the passages c and 0will be opened for the passage of the steam therethrough, and

in most cases in sufficient quantities to meet the requirements of areducing-valve. When the valve has been raised far enough to bring theupper end of removable seat (3 against the cap B, any further elevationof the valve will cause a separation of said seat from the valve, andthen, as the pressure against the upper and lower sides of said seatwill be equalized, the seat 0 will gravitate into its normal position,where, when the valve is screwed down, it will form a steam-tightjointwith the elastic packing 0 It will be observed from the descriptionherein given that the removable seat 0 rests on the elastic packing 0For this reason, when said seat is applied to check -valves, wherein thepressure must always bear against the upper side of the puppet-valve, itis immaterial whether the top of said seat has a bearing against the capB when the valve is closed or not. The pressure upon the upper side ofthe valve will always tend to keep the seat in close contact with theelastic packing, and this latter device is a valuable feature incheck-valves, as it forms an elastic cushion to relieve the dead blowusually given by such valves when closing upon their seats.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, with a valve-casing, A,whose partition a is provided with an annular tongue a, as hereindescribed, of the removable valve-seat 0, provided with an annulargroove, 0, adapted to engage with the annuinto and out of said annulargroove, as herein lar tongue of the valve-casing and maintain set forth,ofthe annular tongue a and packthe centrality of said valve-seat, asherein ing 0 as and for the purpose herein specified. 10

JAMES H; BLESSING.

specified.

5 2. The combination, with a removable seat, Witnesses:

0, provided on its under side with an annular WM. H. LOW, groove, 0, andwith passages c and 0", leading T. W. LARWOOD.

